management

Combating Decision Fatigue: Empowering Executives to Make Better Choices

June 18, 2024 By Patti Cotton 1 Comment

Imagine Jane (a real situation, but fictitious name), a senior executive at a fast-growing tech company. Jane is brilliant, driven, and deeply committed to her role; and her leadership has helped the company outperform its two main competitors.

When I met her, however, Jane was feeling overwhelmed.

“Every day presents a relentless stream of decisions, both big and small. Honestly, it feels harder and harder to keep up. I’m mentally exhausted.”

What Jane was experiencing is decision fatigue, a common challenge for leaders like her, who oversee a volatile and dynamic environment.

Decision fatigue occurs when the quality of our decisions declines after an extended period of decision-making. For someone in Jane’s position, the constant need to make high-stakes decisions, coupled with managing complex issues, exacerbates this phenomenon.

Factors contributing to decision fatigue most often include the following:

Volume of Decisions – Jane faced an endless array of decisions daily, from strategic directions to operational details.
High-Stakes Nature – Each decision carries significant consequences, adding immense pressure.
Lack of Rest – Jane rarely took breaks, leading to mental exhaustion and diminished cognitive function.

Effect on the Team

As I talked with members of Jane’s team, it was clear that they were eager to support her and at the same time, concerned with how her leadership was taking a turn.

“She always seems tired, and when I present her with an issue, she seems to struggle to think clearly,” said one.

“True,’ said another. “She was quick to make choices that are straightforward, but they seem overwhelming, now.”

All agreed that Jane now became easily frustrated over minor issues. “I’m not even sure when to bring things to her attention,” said a third. “I’m starting to lose confidence in our ability to pull things off.”

It was clear that decision fatigue didn’t just affect Jane—it rippled through her leadership and organization, as it always does.

Jane experienced decreased productivity and heightened stress, edging towards burnout.
Jane’s impaired judgment and indecisiveness undermined her leadership effectiveness.
Her team’s morale and performance suffered, as they lost confidence in her decision-making.
This decline was starting to impact the company’s overall performance.

Internal Shifts and External Changes

To address decision fatigue, Jane had to make both internal shifts and external changes.

First, Jane had to recognize the real problem.

She initially perceived that she was simply overwhelmed by the volume of decisions. However, the real issue lay in her lack of effective decision-making strategies and self-care practices. Without these, the cognitive load became unmanageable.

Jane’s inner shifts included prioritizing self-care and mental health with regular exercise, enough sleep, and mindfulness and stress management techniques. This helped to recalibrate her nervous system and scattered thinking, and to replace this with a solid sense of calm and the ability to focus well.

She also needed to create a decision-making framework to simplify her process by categorizing decisions and delegating lower-stake choices.

These were simple shifts, but they required initiating new habits. As we worked on these, we also worked on some key external changes, including reviewing where Jane needed to delegate decision-making and how she might develop the trust to do so.

We also worked with her team to implement structured decision-making processes to ensure consistency.

And finally, Jane acknowledged that regular breaks and time off would be vital to helping her recharge. She recognized that this would be important for her team, as well, and they came to a mutual decision to implement this team wide.

What did this ultimately do for Jane and her company?

As I shared in the beginning, today, Jane’s company is out in front of her two main competitors with the lion’s share of the market. After establishing norms for decision-making, along with mental health and self-care, she was able to focus on developing a supportive work environment and to lead in the way that only someone in her role could.

What does this mean for you?

Jane’s story illustrates how decision fatigue can affect even the most capable leaders. By understanding its causes and impacts, and taking proactive steps to mitigate its effects, executives can enhance their decision-making capabilities.

Implementing both internal shifts, such as self-care and mindfulness, and external changes, like effective delegation and structured processes, can empower them to lead more effectively. This not only improves their well-being but also ensures their teams and organizations thrive.

© Patti Cotton and patticotton.com. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express written permission from the author is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that attribution is made to Patti Cotton and patticotton.com, with links thereto.

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.

The Neuroscience of Leadership: The Power of Emotional Agility

May 7, 2024 By Patti Cotton Leave a Comment

As you navigate the intricate paths of leadership, it is important to note that cognitive agility is indispensable (see previous article). This ability to flex deftly with thinking allows leaders to pivot swiftly, grasp complexities, and address challenges with creativity and insight.

However, without its strategic partner, emotional agility, even the sharpest cognitive dexterity can falter, leading to poor decision-making, strained team relationships, and a lack of vision.

Imagine a pilot flying a plane with only one working engine. The aircraft might still stay airborne for a while, but the lack of full power severely limits its maneuverability and ability to reach its destination safely. Moreover, reaching the intended destination is now at significant risk – and the mental and emotional exertion required of the pilot to attempt a safe landing anywhere is substantial.

In the same way, cognitive and emotional capacity are like the two engines a leader needs to navigate challenges effectively. Without both engines functioning, the journey becomes much riskier.

What is emotional agility?

Quite simply, it’s the ability to remain adaptable in our thoughts and emotions, allowing us to respond effectively to daily situations. It acknowledges that we all experience a wide range of emotions, whether positive, negative, or neutral, which is a natural part of life. Being emotionally agile means approaching these emotions with a light touch and viewing them not as commands but as information to guide us in making choices aligned with our values.

Why is this important?

Emotionally dysregulated leaders can find themselves making decisions based on impulsive reactions rather than rational thinking. When emotions govern our actions without the filter of reason, mistakes are often the result. This can lead to hasty decisions that lack foresight and planning, affecting not only the leader but the entire team and organization. Teams led by emotionally reactive leaders often experience low morale, high turnover, and a toxic culture, as negative emotions ripple through the workplace.

Without emotional agility, leaders are also prone to confirmation bias, seeking information that supports their feelings and dismissing contradictory evidence. This can lead to poor strategic choices that ignore potential risks and miss opportunities.

In the end, cognitive agility alone can’t save a leader from the pitfalls of unchecked emotions.

An Example

I was once contacted by an executive we will call Sarah Thompson (this name is fictitious, as well as the name of the company and the industry, to protect confidentiality). Sarah, a seasoned executive, was at the helm of her family’s food business, Thompson Foods. Having grown from a modest local bakery to a multinational corporation, the business carried a rich legacy.

However, in recent years, it faced increasing competition, shifting consumer preferences, and internal conflicts. As CEO, Sarah was renowned for her cognitive agility, known for crafting innovative strategies and adeptly maneuvering the business through challenging waters.

Despite her strengths, however, Sarah struggled with emotional regulation. She often found herself overwhelmed by the weight of expectations, leading to emotional outbursts in meetings and critical conversations. Her mood swings left her team wary and hesitant to share insights. They feared triggering her wrath or disapproval.

Decisions made in haste and under stress became the norm, which led to a series of poorly executed product launches and growing frustration among senior executives. The morale at Thompson Foods dipped, and key members began considering their exit.

Recognizing the growing toll Sarah’s emotional volatility was taking on the organization, she reached out to me for guidance. In our initial assessment, we identified several patterns contributing to her challenges. Her inability to recognize emotional triggers and understand how they influenced her decisions was a key issue. She lacked tools to manage stress effectively, which escalated tensions in high-stakes situations.

Our work began with cultivating self-awareness.

Through structured exercises and reflective journaling, Sarah started to identify her triggers, like criticism from peers or unmet expectations.
We practiced mindfulness techniques to help her pause before reacting impulsively, allowing her to assess situations with a clear mind.
Over time, she learned cognitive reframing, which helped her view challenges from a constructive perspective, easing her sense of pressure.

Another significant aspect of our work was fostering empathy. I guided Sarah in improving her listening skills to better understand her team’s perspectives. Through role-playing exercises, she learned to respond calmly and constructively to differing opinions, helping to diffuse tension and build trust.

After several months of dedicated effort, Sarah exhibited remarkable transformation.

In meetings, she maintained composure, even when faced with challenging questions or disagreements.
This shift in demeanor encouraged her team to open up, share ideas, and collaborate more effectively.
Decision-making processes became more inclusive, leading to well-rounded strategies that harnessed the collective intelligence of the team.

Sarah’s newfound emotional agility had a ripple effect throughout the organization. Employee morale improved, and the rate of attrition slowed as trust was restored. Senior executives who had considered leaving decided to stay, invigorated by the positive changes in leadership. I received a note of thanks from one of her senior executives:

“It’s like night and day, here. I feel heard, respected, and I’m able to contribute.

What a difference! Thank you!” – PB

Thompson Foods soon regained its competitive edge, launching successful products that resonated with consumers and this brought the business back on track.

Sarah’s transformation into an emotionally agile leader not only saved the company from potential turmoil but also ushered in a new era of collaboration, innovation, and sustainable growth. The journey highlighted the profound impact of emotional agility in leadership, illustrating that leading with both the mind and heart can change the course of an entire organization.

Where do you need more emotional agility?

Are you able to harness the power of your emotions, allowing you to make sound decisions even in stressful situations? Mastering this enables you to stay in control of your executive function which is the part of your brain (your frontal lobe) that supports strategy, analytical skills, creativity and innovation, the ability to manage yourself well, and more.
Can you remain calm and collected, even in the face of adversity? This ability to manage emotions supports clear communication, better negotiation skills, and the ability to inspire confidence in others. It’s the foundation of safety and trust, fostering collaboration and innovation.
Are you able to be empathetic, recognizing the emotions and perspectives of your team? This allows you to navigate interpersonal conflicts deftly, build strong relationships, and motivate your team more effectively.

Developing emotional agility is a lifelong process. By committing to nourishing this within your leadership, you will enhance your cognitive agility, becoming more effective in decision-making, fostering healthier team dynamics, and building resilient organizations that thrive in any environment.

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.

The Neuroscience of Leadership: Building Blocks of Cognitive Agility

May 2, 2024 By Patti Cotton Leave a Comment

As a senior executive, you are the pilot of your organization, navigating through a turbulence of decisions that demand not only precision but also adaptability. Understanding the science behind effective leadership has never been more crucial.

Neuroscience sheds light on how you can continue to develop your cognitive agility. This will help you steer clear of decision fatigue and cognitive rigidity, and move confidently forward on a path of flexible and dynamic leadership.

The Challenge of Stagnancy

Jonathan, a seasoned CEO at the helm of a multinational corporation, called me at a critical point in his leadership. His company, once a leader in innovation, began showing signs of lagging behind more agile competitors. Jonathan’s decision-making process, once sharp and ahead of the curve, now seemed slower, almost predictable. When I met with him, our discussion revealed that decision fatigue and cognitive rigidity were creeping in. Each choice seemed harder than the last, and his once transformative ideas now felt like reruns of a tired show.

Identifying the Real Problem

The real issue at play here was not a lack of effort or desire to innovate but rather outdated neural pathways that limited flexibility. This is not uncommon in seasoned leaders. Neuroscience tells us that our brains can fall into patterns of thinking that, while once efficient, can become constraining over time. In Jonathan’s case, his executive functions were trapped in a neurological rut, leading to a style of leadership that was increasingly rigid and resistant to change.

The Neuroscientific Approach

To tackle this, Jonathan needed solutions rooted in the insights of cognitive development. Cognitive agility is the brain’s ability to adapt to new information and circumstances. This adaptability is rooted in neuroplasticity—the brain’s ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections. This means that even established leaders can cultivate a mind more conducive to innovation and flexibility.

Implementing Solutions

I worked with Jonathan to revive and strengthen his cognitive capacity, utilizing some of the following steps:

1. Mindful Reflection

He began with periods of mindful reflection, dedicating time to critically and openly evaluate past decisions. This practice encouraged his brain to consider multiple perspectives and alternative outcomes, laying the groundwork for more agile thinking.

2. Learning and Unlearning

He committed to learning something new every quarter, whether related to his industry or an entirely different field. This continuous learning helped to build new neural pathways, promoting cognitive flexibility.

3. Cognitive Diversity

He diversified his advisory circle to include thinkers from varied disciplines, ages, and backgrounds. This social neuroplasticity exposed his brain to a broader range of ideas and problem-solving approaches.

4. Challenging Assumptions

Jonathan applied the “Five Whys” technique to challenge his own assumptions, asking ‘why’ five times to get to the root of a particular belief or strategy. This helped to break down rigid thought patterns and build new, more adaptive ones.

5. Embracing Discomfort

He deliberately put himself in new, unfamiliar situations that required him to adapt on the fly, from improvisation workshops to cross-cultural negotiations.

Measurable Results

Six months into our work together, Jonathan’s leadership style showed tangible signs of transformation. He reported feeling more energized and less burdened by decision-making. His team noticed a more dynamic approach to strategy sessions, and the company began to regain its competitive edge. Brain-training exercises had not only rejuvenated Jonathan’s cognitive processes but also revitalized his organization’s culture of innovation.

Conclusion

Cognitive agility is not an innate talent but a skill that can be cultivated. Neuroscience does not merely suggest but demonstrates that leaders can enhance their cognitive flexibility, and in doing so, unlock a higher level of strategic and innovative thinking. As with Jonathan, embracing the principles of neuroplasticity can guide you away from the pitfalls of decision fatigue and towards a horizon of renewed leadership vigor.

In the fast-paced world of executive decision-making, the ability to adapt and thrive in the face of new challenges is what distinguishes exceptional leaders from the rest. The journey to cognitive agility begins with the understanding that our brains are our most flexible asset. The question remains: are you ready to rewire your executive brain for the future of leadership?

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.

To Upgrade Your Leadership, Uplevel Your Leadership Behaviors

June 15, 2022 By Patti Cotton 1 Comment

How do you as CEO stay on top of your leadership game? Many think reading the latest books on this will keep things fresh. Others rely on bootcamps or CEO peer groups to stimulate their thinking about leading, and to work through business challenges.

Books can provide great insights. Bootcamps can certainly inform you of leadership trends and approaches you might want to consider. And peer groups can bring fresh ideas, community, and accountability.

But statistics show that none of these by themselves (or all together) yield the relevant changes that are most important. In other words, if you are spending significant amounts of money on your leadership in the ways we’ve just mentioned, you may be gaining some good value – but you are still leaving a lot of your leadership potential on the table.

How do you actually sharpen your leadership in the areas that matter most?

To strengthen your leadership, you need to know which areas of your leadership are ready for upleveling, and how to actually make these shifts in order to make lasting change.

Which of your leadership behaviors is ready for an upgrade?

You won’t really know what you need to change until you get good feedback.

As CEO, you may have a fair idea of those areas you need to sharpen. But as a human being, you also have your blind spots. And you can’t see your blind spots, because, well, they are blind spots.

Michael, our CEO in the last three articles, was given some feedback. As you will recall (see last week’s article “Confronting”), Michael was highly motivated to rise above the weeds once and for all, and to bring his team along with him. They had done some important work in establishing a company business imperative with top priorities over the next 12 months, and also identified what this meant for each executive team member’s focus and energy.

When it came time to identify what the team needed in order to accomplish these things, you may remember that the team members shared what they needed as to systems and processes, but also in behaviors – team behaviors together, and leader behaviors from Michael.

“I had no idea some of my behaviors were getting in the way of team effectiveness,” he confessed.

“The good news is, Michael, that you are well respected by your team. You received some good feedback, and we need to use it. Let’s talk about what you heard.”

“Well, I heard that I disempower people by allowing their employees to come directly to me – and I may counter what their supervisor has instructed them. And I also heard that I tend not to listen to the perspectives of the other executive team members when making decisions. Those are pretty big.”

“And I agree with you,” I responded. “Those are the two main behavioral shifts I heard, as well. Do you agree?”

“I agree. I’ll stop doing those things. Today.”

“Not so fast,” I countered. “That’s not the way it works. At least, if you want the change to be effective and to last.”

“Okay, I’m listening,” he said.

You need to identify upgrade behaviors for those you want to replace.

“Explain, please,” said Michael.

“You may know what you need to stop doing, but your brain needs a picture of what it needs to do, instead. For example, if you need to stop allowing employees to come in and work around their supervisors to get a better answer from you, what should you do instead?”

“Ah,” said Michael. “Okay. I need to redirect the employees back to their supervisors.”

“Now you have it!” I responded. “And what about being open to and listening to the perspectives of others?” I asked.

“Well, that one is harder,” Michael mused. “I thought I was open, but evidently I don’t appear to be so.”

“May I give you some feedback?” I asked. “I noticed in our team meeting that, when others gave a different opinion than yours, you acknowledged them, but then went right back to your own perspective. In other words, you didn’t ask them to tell you more, allowing them to share a different point of view, while listening carefully instead of waiting to jump back in.”

“Phew,” said Michael. “This may be tough.”

“True,” I said. “In fact, these kinds of behaviors take up to a year to shift so that they are lasting.”

“Well, how do I stay on track with that?” He asked. “I don’t have a lot of time to spend on this – but it’s key and I know it.”

“Fortunately, the third step is what keeps you on track,” I answered.

Track your progress regularly by getting feedback.

“Your team has given you great feedback. They can also provide you with info on your progress.”

“Like I said, I don’t have a lot of time,” he said.

“Oh, this is a one- to two-minute check-in about once monthly to see how you are doing. And of course, your regular coaching meeting with me to discuss how it’s going, what we need to do to break through roadblocks, keep moving forward, etc.”

“I see,” said Michael. “So, I’ll just be working as usual – only I’ll be integrating upgraded behaviors. That should not take more time – it’s just doing things differently.”

“You are getting it!” I said. “I’m happy to sit with you and put together a plan.”

Michael beamed. “I’m ready,” he said. “I think we are getting the formula for staying on top of the things we want most. If I can rise to the occasion with my leadership, I can bring the others along.”

What in your leadership needs upgrading? How do you know? Reaching the most important goals successfully starts here.

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.

The Untapped Potential of Your Middle Management

May 13, 2020 By Patti Cotton Leave a Comment

You can quickly improve the organizational health of your company by focusing on the potential of your middle management.

But if your culture doesn’t recognize this as important, you are headed for trouble.

How do you redirect so that you strengthen your future?

Three steps.

Make leadership development a high priority.
Know how to develop your emerging leaders.
Address prickly roadblocks that stand in the way.

Following are three real scenarios from former clients.

I hope these help you to see where you might improve your own process and mindset.

1. Make leadership development a high priority for your organization.

Tom had led the company for years, and it had done well. Then, he was diagnosed with a heart problem. Although the prognosis for recovery was excellent, his doctor informed him that he would have to take off a considerable amount of time in order to work a wellness program.

The company was in a bind when Tom called me. He had never gotten around to putting a system and process in place to develop those high potentials who might have stepped in to help bridge the gap.

Now what?

If he left to care for his health, the business would be in trouble. If he didn’t, he would seriously jeopardize his health.

Tom and I worked together on an interim plan to support his absence, and a way to stay in communication with him on the large-picture items.

I then coached his executives to the plan as they stepped into the new responsibilities assigned to them. I also helped coach them as a team on a regular basis to keep things cohesive and smooth.

However, this was challenging. The executives all experienced steep learning curves, with corresponding bumps in the road, which presented some tense moments. We worked through it, and Tom was able to return some time later. Quite happy that we moved through this critical time, I shared with Tom that the company could have experienced a much smoother and more effective transition, had he worked with his HR department to implement an ongoing plan for leadership development.

2. Know how to develop your emerging leaders.

Rebecca ran a tight ship. She, along with her executive team, believed fully in leadership development, and they approved large budgets year after year to support succession planning. But they were not seeing the results they wanted.

Rebecca intuited that the talent was there – why weren’t those programs working for them? They were on the cusp of cutting the entire budget for learning and development. Meanwhile, some of her best middle managers were voicing complaints that they were not moving up the leadership ladder. Engagement was waning.

When Rebecca called, she said she was only calling because another CEO colleague had pressed her to do so. “I’m ready to bag investing in leadership development,” she said. “I’m only reaching out because Tim says you get results.”

After exploring what she and the team had implemented, I congratulated her on placing development as a priority. I also pointed out that the programs in which she had invested were not carefully customized to her company, its culture, and its needs.

We did wind up working together and I am happy to report that we turned things around by identifying development initiatives that would support organizational goals, a way to support growth ongoing, and systems and processes to undergird this. I’m just sorry we had to work hard to reanimate engagement because of prior wasted efforts.

3. Address prickly roadblocks that stand in the way of leadership developments.

Mark had been waiting in the wings for years for Jack, the seasoned CEO to finally retire. Jack allowed him to run daily operations and to field the heat that comes with leading a business.

There was one problem, however: Jack also kept Mark and the executive team from truly stepping into their own power to improve organizational health.

He would run interference when Mark attempted to hold employees accountable. He would halt Mark from moving forward with initiatives that would keep the company highly competitive because, Jack said, “We have never done that, before.” Mark was quietly seeking another leadership position elsewhere – and so were some of his best executives.

This scenario was tricky. It was actually Mark who called me and not Jack. “What am I doing wrong?” he asked. “I’ve been here forever. I keep the company running, but I’m not empowered. I deal with problems that Jack creates because he keeps ‘pets’ around that shouldn’t be here – some even subversive to the organization.”

I worked with Mark to confront Jack about some of the decisions that he was not allowing Mark to implement, which compromised the business. Unfortunately, Jack did not want to listen.

Jack was afraid of retirement, and so he sat in his office and continued to collect the incredible salary and bonus he had enjoyed for more than 20 years.

Mark decided to leave and assumed the CEO spot at a new company. It’s been my pleasure to work with him there to develop a high-performing team. Mark’s only regret is that he didn’t move sooner. “I wasted a lot of years waiting,” he said. “It could have been different.”

Each of these cases could have been avoided. Good leaders are not born knowing how to prize and approach leadership development in a way that benefits them and their company.

How could stronger leadership at the middle management level improve your organizational health?

Download the Free Infographic

Fill out the form below and get instant access to the HOW TO RAISE YOUR INFLUENCE IN LESS THAN 5 SECONDS infographic.

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.