innovation

The Neuroscience of Leadership: Building Blocks of Cognitive Agility

May 2, 2024 By Patti Cotton Leave a Comment

As a senior executive, you are the pilot of your organization, navigating through a turbulence of decisions that demand not only precision but also adaptability. Understanding the science behind effective leadership has never been more crucial.

Neuroscience sheds light on how you can continue to develop your cognitive agility. This will help you steer clear of decision fatigue and cognitive rigidity, and move confidently forward on a path of flexible and dynamic leadership.

The Challenge of Stagnancy

Jonathan, a seasoned CEO at the helm of a multinational corporation, called me at a critical point in his leadership. His company, once a leader in innovation, began showing signs of lagging behind more agile competitors. Jonathan’s decision-making process, once sharp and ahead of the curve, now seemed slower, almost predictable. When I met with him, our discussion revealed that decision fatigue and cognitive rigidity were creeping in. Each choice seemed harder than the last, and his once transformative ideas now felt like reruns of a tired show.

Identifying the Real Problem

The real issue at play here was not a lack of effort or desire to innovate but rather outdated neural pathways that limited flexibility. This is not uncommon in seasoned leaders. Neuroscience tells us that our brains can fall into patterns of thinking that, while once efficient, can become constraining over time. In Jonathan’s case, his executive functions were trapped in a neurological rut, leading to a style of leadership that was increasingly rigid and resistant to change.

The Neuroscientific Approach

To tackle this, Jonathan needed solutions rooted in the insights of cognitive development. Cognitive agility is the brain’s ability to adapt to new information and circumstances. This adaptability is rooted in neuroplasticity—the brain’s ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections. This means that even established leaders can cultivate a mind more conducive to innovation and flexibility.

Implementing Solutions

I worked with Jonathan to revive and strengthen his cognitive capacity, utilizing some of the following steps:

1. Mindful Reflection

He began with periods of mindful reflection, dedicating time to critically and openly evaluate past decisions. This practice encouraged his brain to consider multiple perspectives and alternative outcomes, laying the groundwork for more agile thinking.

2. Learning and Unlearning

He committed to learning something new every quarter, whether related to his industry or an entirely different field. This continuous learning helped to build new neural pathways, promoting cognitive flexibility.

3. Cognitive Diversity

He diversified his advisory circle to include thinkers from varied disciplines, ages, and backgrounds. This social neuroplasticity exposed his brain to a broader range of ideas and problem-solving approaches.

4. Challenging Assumptions

Jonathan applied the “Five Whys” technique to challenge his own assumptions, asking ‘why’ five times to get to the root of a particular belief or strategy. This helped to break down rigid thought patterns and build new, more adaptive ones.

5. Embracing Discomfort

He deliberately put himself in new, unfamiliar situations that required him to adapt on the fly, from improvisation workshops to cross-cultural negotiations.

Measurable Results

Six months into our work together, Jonathan’s leadership style showed tangible signs of transformation. He reported feeling more energized and less burdened by decision-making. His team noticed a more dynamic approach to strategy sessions, and the company began to regain its competitive edge. Brain-training exercises had not only rejuvenated Jonathan’s cognitive processes but also revitalized his organization’s culture of innovation.

Conclusion

Cognitive agility is not an innate talent but a skill that can be cultivated. Neuroscience does not merely suggest but demonstrates that leaders can enhance their cognitive flexibility, and in doing so, unlock a higher level of strategic and innovative thinking. As with Jonathan, embracing the principles of neuroplasticity can guide you away from the pitfalls of decision fatigue and towards a horizon of renewed leadership vigor.

In the fast-paced world of executive decision-making, the ability to adapt and thrive in the face of new challenges is what distinguishes exceptional leaders from the rest. The journey to cognitive agility begins with the understanding that our brains are our most flexible asset. The question remains: are you ready to rewire your executive brain for the future of leadership?

© Patti Cotton and patticotton.com. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express written permission from the author is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that attribution is made to Patti Cotton and patticotton.com, with links thereto.

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.

Is Your Company Culture Too Nice?

July 21, 2021 By Patti Cotton Leave a Comment

Is your company culture “too nice”?

As a leader, you may think you are doing your business a favor by encouraging politeness. But sometimes, emphasizing this too much may send the wrong message entirely.

How can you tell if you need to toughen up your culture?

Larry was quick to share with me that the culture at his company was warm and friendly, with a “family feel” to it.

“People are very courteous around here,” he said. “But we are in trouble. That’s why I’m calling you for help.”

“What kind of trouble are you experiencing?” I asked.

“I’m discovering that what our people say in meetings is not what they are saying in the hallways. We have quite a few employees that are under-performing, and their supervisors are not willing to hold them accountable. Our deadlines are not being met and we’re not even working on priorities. What’s going on?”

After sitting with Larry and some of his key executives, I discovered what kept his company from being a healthy, high-performing business. And as I shared, Larry’s face showed its dismay.

“You mean the very thing that I emphasized has created the problem?” he asked.

“Not exactly, Larry,” I answered. “Being kind and polite is important. But you need to make sure they don’t take this to mean an unwillingness to set expectations, be transparent, and hold people accountable.”

“I thought I was motivating the staff,” he answered. “After all, you ‘catch more flies with honey than vinegar,’ as they say.”

“Unfortunately, leaders over-emphasize politeness for a variety of reasons, Larry,” I said. “Some may not like conflict. Some might think, as you, that it will motivate people. Others may feel this will foster inclusion. But look where we have wound up, here.

“In fact, I’m willing to wager that you have people agreeing with each other on decisions when you should have healthy debate with different perspectives. This means you are killing possibilities of innovating. You probably have some people who were hired at a high-performing level who have now slowed down their pace to ‘meet the herd.’ And you probably have hidden conflict because people aren’t willing to address critical issues that keep the company from moving forward.”

“You are right,” Larry answered. “I can see that, now. So, what do I do?”

Here are some key steps I outlined which reflect the work we did together over the next few months to turn around Larry’s poor culture.

1. Set new expectations.

When it’s time to shift gears to foster a healthier culture, know what you want – and set these expectations very explicitly. This means defining what your cultural norms are and how they appear in action.For example, if one of your cultural norms is “respect,” what does respect look like when people work with each other? Instead of avoiding tough issues, it can mean confronting these issues by providing timely, critical feedback that supports growth.

2. Foster psychological safety at every level.

There is no high-performing team without psychological safety. Your team members must have each other’s back, support differing perspectives, ensure that everyone has a voice, and more. These are part of team norms – and if you haven’t done this work yet, it’s time now. You will see a huge difference in the way that your team is motivated, how they produce, and how they work together.

3. Hold people accountable for the right things.

Most businesses hold their people accountable for deadlines and for goals reached. But they seldom build in the system and processes they need to support human behavior. What this means is that if you want your people to be respectfully candid and talk about real issues, you need to encourage and reward this.

How does your company’s culture measure up?

Are you happy with how motivated and engaged your staff are?
How well do they brainstorm to innovate?
Do you reward supportive critical feedback that fosters greater development?

Focusing on your company culture means exponentially increasing your business revenues. If you find, like Larry, that your company isn’t where you want it to be, commit to making this a priority.

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.

The Courage to Lead

August 7, 2019 By Patti Cotton Leave a Comment

Character does matter. And courage, as one of its virtues, is vital.

Many a person placed in a position of authority or power has fallen due to a lack of courage. And they have, in many instances, also damaged the lives of countless others under their leadership.

How does courage play into leadership?

Courage means making bold decisions under conditions of uncertainty – or standing up to oppose potentially bad decisions.

Consider Alan Mulally, who turned Ford around from impending doom to a viable, profitable company. When Mulally arrived, Ford was unwilling to address the issues that were sinking it. Further, the organization was losing $18 Billion that year. In order to bring Ford’s operations and infrastructure up to speed, Mulally borrowed $23.5 Billion, convincing the Ford shareholders to put up its stock and the famous Ford Blue Oval as collateral.

Courage means having the confidence to act in difficult situations.

Mary Barra, General Motor’s chairwoman and CEO since 2014, addressed an angry Senate investigating committee immediately following her appointment. The Senate was examining deaths from failed ignition switches on Chevrolet Camaros. Barra took full responsibility – a bold and risky action. GM subsequently recalled more than half a million cars affected and paid more than $120M in settlements. Moving forward, Barra took the company’s products from problematic to high quality, earning the business a new reputation of excellence.

Courage means taking risks, coloring outside the lines, trying new things. It means growth, exploration, innovation – and so much more.

The first step toward developing more courage is to identify where, when, and in which situations you feel your courage falter.

Do you need to flex when it comes to confronting a chronic, damaging situation? Deciding to cut losses to render the business healthier? Acting more quickly and decisively when faced with moral issues?

Avoiding the tough stuff only postpones the inevitable.

Maya Angelou once said, “Courage is the most important of all the virtues, because without courage, you can’t practice any other virtue consistently. You can practice any virtue erratically, but nothing consistently without courage.”

Where might you flex more of yours?

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.

How to Retain Your Top Talent

April 3, 2019 By Patti Cotton Leave a Comment

What keeps CEOs up at night?

Lots of things.

But their #1 concern is attracting and retaining great talent.

And many companies do better at attracting this talent than keeping it.

How much are you losing if you can’t figure this out?

That depends. If you need to retain highly complex positions (managers, software developers and such), you risk missing out up to 800% more productivity, because superior talent is up to 8 times more productive (Keller and Meaney, Leading Organizations).

What is the answer?

Make your company so attractive that no one wants to leave.

Here are five ways to do this:

1. Develop a high-trust culture.

Trust serves as the foundation for all else. Trust is the incubator for healthy communication, collaboration, empowerment, productivity, profitability…in short, all components that support working at highest and best levels.

Does your company lean on “control and monitor” behaviors or heavy compliance?

These are early signs of a problem. How do you begin to turn this around?

It begins with you. Determine how trustworthy you are as CEO, because your company will rate no higher than its leadership. Download the trust infographic and rank yourself – and then ask those closest to you to do the same. Compare. Where do you need to begin developing more trust with your people?

HOW MUCH

DO OTHERS REALLY TRUST YOU?

Learn the two vital parts to trust and how they can help you become a more highly effective leader.

GET THE INFOGRAPHIC

2. Foster a company-wide growth mindset.

This kind of mindset is the stuff of motivation and innovation.

A fixed mindset reflects a closed attitude. Language includes phrases like, “That idea won’t work,” or “It can’t be done right now.”

Growth mindset attitude and language, on the other hand, will reflect phrases such as “How might this work? How might this be possible?” Failure is seen as a way to learn and not as a reason to stop trying.

If you notice there are just a handful of people always making decisions for everyone else, this is an indicator that you are not fostering a growth mindset in your employees.

Where can you start?

Begin by what is right in front of you – applaud all new ideas. When asking for input, make it a rule that whenever someone volunteers a new idea, that the first person to speak after that must say something positive about the idea, whether they agree with it or not. This sends the message that all people have something valuable to contribute, and it fosters creativity.

3. Recognize and reward the right things.

Are you emotionally biased toward certain employees and against others?

On a company-wide basis, make sure that your systems and processes for recognition are standardized. Form a taskforce to evaluate this.

And then, have this taskforce identify what should be recognized. Go wide! The way in which you acknowledge things such as caring and supportive behaviors can go a long way; these certainly are influences on business outcomes. And on a personal basis, please take the time to acknowledge contributions and jobs well done. It is free to mention people in meetings to thank them for their efforts – and this kind of approach fosters a caring culture that goes far.

4. Empower your people.

If you feel your people need higher accountability, it may be your systems and processes and not a lack of talent on their part. Start with the basics. Make sure you have clearly outlined expectations for their role and responsibilities.

Then, work together to agree on top goals and priorities for their area of responsibility. Can you show them how these support company-wide goals? Without this foundation, even the best in talent will operate somewhat hesitantly or begin to get lost in the weeds. Make sure you have agreed on a system of reporting that reflects these goals, and which relieves you from chasing your executives for answers (the latter of which is a real trust-killer). By setting this structure in motion, you will empower your talent to move forward with confidence and perform at their best.

5. Invest in leadership development at every level.

Learning and development is a key concern for companies world-wide. And company talent seeks opportunities for growth and career development. Providing employees at every level with leadership development opportunities meets both objectives well.

When you invest in this, you foster greater performance and contribution – and you can also more easily identify rising stars. And as your company talent receives this focused support, they will feel recognized by the company, and motivated by their growth and future opportunities within. It is surprisingly cost-effective to implement a company-wide leadership development effort. And the ROI is exponential (Note: Executive coaching typically yields an ROI of 4-10 times the initial investment; training with a group coaching component can yield similar results.)

Retaining your top talent requires a healthy and exciting culture. If your culture needs a “reboot,” please understand that this takes time and effort. The payoff, however, is exponential, being key to current profitability and future success.

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.

Three Ways to Jump-start Team Creativity

February 20, 2019 By Patti Cotton Leave a Comment

Creativity is essential to any organization if you want to move your business forward.

But what do you do when you’ve taken great pains to foster a supportive culture for this, but your team doesn’t seem to follow?

Often, it’s a matter of just one small shift in the way that you put your heads together.

Here are three ideas to help jump-start team creativity.

1. Champion the new idea.

What happens when a team member comes up with a new idea?

Most often, others on the team will respond with a cautionary response, or reasons why the idea will not work.

Research shows that when this happens, the subtle message is that bad things happen when new ideas are expressed. Instead, get your team to commit to doing the following: when someone shares a new idea or possibility, the first person to speak up must say something positive about the idea. This doesn’t mean the speaker has to endorse the idea; he or she must simply make a positive statement. An example might be, “That’s one I’ve never thought of! I’d love to sit down to explore how it might work!”

Research is showing that this one shift is allowing the safe psychological space in which to incubate innovation.

2. Play the “what if” game.

When brainstorming on a new idea, spending time on reasons why something won’t work can stall creative energy. Frustration sets in, and the brain’s frontal lobe (where we do all our best thinking) shuts down – and usually ends the conversation.

To avoid this, confront the perceived roadblock when identified by stating, “And what if _____ (identified roadblock) were not an issue?”

This will quickly reanimate the conversation and, quite often, promote other ideas to work around the roadblock when all is said and done.

3. Practice “brain-writing.”

Brain-writing is an effective alternative to brainstorming, which was popularized in the 1970s. The genius behind it is that it helps participants to step out their normal mental framework to explore greater possibilities.

There are variations of brain-writing, but one example is to pass out Post-It^TM notes or index cards, and have each person write down an idea. These are then passed to the next person on the right.

This receiving person can do one of three things: use the written idea as a catalyst for a new idea, modify the original idea, or pass the card along to the next person. After a set time agreed upon by the team, ideas are gathered up, grouped, and evaluated. For more on brain-writing, click here.

As you begin to recognize the sparks of creativity begin to fly, remember to encourage this so that momentum grows. Think about rewarding the best suggestion or solution with something the team has previously agreed upon, such as gift card for dinner out, a pair of movie tickets, or extra time off. These are small prices to pay for the benefits creativity brings – increased engagement, motivation, problem-solving and productivity, just to name a few.

Patti Cotton

Patti Cotton reenergizes talented leaders and their teams to achieve fulfillment and extraordinary results. For more information on how Patti Cotton can help you and your organization, click here.