What makes up excellent leadership?

The workings of excellent leadership are essentially the same, whether you are a small business owner or a large corporate executive. It doesn’t matter what the industry, in which country or countries you do business, and whether your staff is comprised of millennials or seasoned mentors (and I hope you have both!).

What constitutes excellent leadership remains constant.

Imagine, if you will, the business of leadership to be a finely-tuned clock. With this picture in mind, now imagine you are looking at the inside of the clock and that you see three interlocking gears, well-oiled, all turning together to support the clock’s movement. That’s good leadership.

Let’s go further with this analogy. Suppose one of the gears stops working. It gets rusty, or wears down so that one of the teeth breaks off. What happens then? Of course, the gears stop turning, or they turn for a while, begin to misbehave, and then slow to a halt.

Leadership is the same way. The essential components that go into leadership must all work together, or they begin to wear on one another and bring things to a stop.

What are these three “gears”? And how do they work together?

The First Gear: Vision

Vision is the answer to “what’s possible.” It’s where things start – and indeed, one cannot move forward without some kind of vision, some sort of mental picture of what ultimate success can look like.

For an enterprise, vision is the desired future impact the entity aspires to make. It represents the overall goal and global direction of the business, and this rarely changes.

You can see what I mean by the examples of some well-known visions here:

Disney:                        To make people happy.

American Express:      To be the world’s most respected service brand.

Hilton Worldwide:       To fill the world with the light and warmth of hospitality.

In the world of leadership development, much focus has been given to the ability to vision.

Being able to visualize and articulate what is possible for the future of an enterprise is considered a vital component of successful leadership. By the same token, many leaders have been known to fail because of their lack of vision. Indeed, first being able to capture vision, then inspiring it, holding fast to it despite constant change, and keeping one’s eye on it while doing the work required to get there is a huge challenge.

Here are just a few reasons why you and your enterprise require vision – and why it must be defined before you make any moves forward.

1. Focus

    If you have the end goal in mind, you can focus on it, and thus eliminate shiny objects and other distractions along the way. In the workplace, focus helps you give attention to the right things that will help you reach vision.

2. Direction

   Vision is your ultimate destination and, when you don’t know where you are going, you might as well drive down any road and just keep traveling. In the workplace, no direction means you are liable to land anywhere – and nowhere specific. That’s death knell for business.

3. Meaning

   Vision gives context to what you do. It reminds you of the “why” of your enterprise, why it exists. In the workplace, executing your work without understanding why you are doing what you do means disengagement and dissatisfaction.

4. Motivation

   When you know where you are going and why, this is motivating. You can see as you take action and get closer to goal, and this energizes you. When your employee base is motivated, you will see high engagement and productivity – the stuff that keeps a business going well.

5. Inspiration

   Vision is inspiring. It’s a lofty and attractive goal that may seem unattainable, but that keeps you climbing toward the top. As you are energized and engaged, so is your staff. They “catch” the vision through your ability to visualize it and articulate it to them so that they can also strive to get there with you.

The Second Gear: Strategy

Strategy is the plan of action for going after the vision. It’s the question, “What is the best way to get there?” Strategy is key to driving direction, and seeks to take the best path to get to the vision. Best ways “to get there” can change, depending on unpredictable market conditions, competitors, disruptive technology, and many other factors.

If you work in a large enterprise, your company or organization is comprised of business units, and these may have multiple teams. Each of these units and each of their teams has a set of strategies to support the larger, more global corporate strategy, which supports the entity’s vision. If you are an entrepreneur or smaller business owner, you will have equally important strategies defined, but less of the strategy “layering” that a larger entity would have, in order to support your enterprise’s vision.

Here is how one company redefined a key business strategy because of a changing marketplace.

For years, there were just a few large credit card companies to service the population, and American Express was one of these. However, in the early 2000s, competition rose, with newer companies worldwide offering online payment processing. This meant that American Express risked losing its market share and revenues, compromising the future growth and sustainability of the company (“American Express Redefines Its Strategy,” ICMR IBS Center for Management Research, 2015).

American Express was in a pickle. It had no more premium products it could offer its current customer base in order to offset this. So American Express leadership sat down and analyzed current trends, examined its target market, and reviewed its strategy. Leadership realized that in order to remain competitive and minimize any possible loss, it must branch out to target additional populations, and by doing so, adopt a different business strategy to reach these groups.

Previously, the company had targeted customers based on how much they spent, and not on how many transactions they made. It had built its reputation on being the “elite” card in the credit world. Now, leadership was forced to redefine itself as a more accessible company to the general population. It added a new business strategy by targeting a market that spent smaller amounts than the first group of customers, but made many more transactions. In 2014, it launched a new credit card for housewives and students called the “Amex Everyday” credit card and some other products for the mass population.

As you think about the American Express story, recall that its vision is “to be the world’s most respected service brand.” Notice that this did not change. Leadership simply made sure that the business strategies used changed to adapt to marketplace demands so that it could still meet the vision.

To visualize this a bit more easily, let’s say that your vision is to reach the city of Rome. One of your key strategies is to take the fastest and most economical routes in order to arrive at your ultimate destination more quickly and with a lion’s share of the money you have put away for your trip.

The Third Gear: Execution

Henry Ford once said, ‘Vision without execution is just hallucination.” Execution is implementing the actions dictated by the strategies that will support the vision. Obviously, if strategy isn’t executed in order to support reaching the vision, nothing gets done.

This is more common than you might think. I have encountered many a leader whose head is stuck in the clouds all day, dreaming of the vision, while unaware of what strategies his workforce is carrying out, and whether they are executing effectively. Once in a while, these leaders are confronted by real problems in the real world (theirs!), and it is difficult for them to make good decisions and take the right action, since they haven’t been in touch with what is happening in their business to meet the vision. They model what the rest of the enterprise eventually adopts – and down goes another business.

But execution – the carrying out of actions dictated by strategy – must be effective in order to work. This requires implementing in the right way – with the right thoughts and behaviors. This is where a lot of leadership calls me for help – and quite often for themselves.

You’ve probably experienced a leader who cannot communicate well. He or she delivers nebulous messages that no one can understand. Not wanting to ask repeatedly for clarification, people go away, trying their best to guess what the leader wants as they go back to put plan into action. They will no doubt make mistakes that could have been avoided.

Perhaps you have worked with a leader who doesn’t listen well, or doesn’t have a strong empathy quotient. This person can offend others easily and cause rifts in relationships.

What about a leader who cannot stay focused? This leader may change directives at whim, causing confusion and conflict among groups and teams. These are just some behaviors that get in the way of sound execution.

Although there are quite a few more, here are five common problems that may hold a leader back because their behaviors don’t support good execution.

Have you worked with someone who needs more of the following?

1. Personal Agility

    The ability to flex well and deal with change to support the situation, whether interpersonal or organizational.

2. Building Trust

   The ability to conduct self with consistency and integrity to develop solid trust with others.

3. Conflict Management

   The ability to manage conflict effectively so that the problem and its root cause are solved, and so that relationships are strengthened.

4. Initiative and Bias for Action

   The ability to take initiative in timely decision-making and action-taking to benefit the enterprise.

5. Communication

   The ability to convey clear and concise messages, and to do so in a way that all levels of the enterprise understand directives, feel informed, and are confident as to the intended direction and outcomes.

If you or a leader you know has a behavior that gets in the way of his leading, take heart. This can be successfully shifted through executive coaching with the right methodologies and approach, to benefit the person’s execution and the future of his enterprise.

Why Vision, Strategy, and Execution as Three Gears Need to Work Together

Imagine a vision without a way to get there. Imagine strategy without an ultimate destination creating the right pathway. And think about actions that have no meaning or reason to implement them.

Many enterprises tell me they have a clear vision, strategies to support this, and good execution. Yet, many times, I find there are no processes to make sure that these three gears remain viable and aligned.

Often, I encounter an executive team who insists its strategies are right for the company. “These have always worked for us,” I may hear. This is good. But beware – what works today will not work tomorrow. You are endangering your enterprise if you are not continuously assessing your strategies and how these meet demands and changes.

Then, I’m likely to hear how a company has the right vision and strategies, and that people are busy. Leadership cannot figure out why the enterprise isn’t seeing better outcomes. If this is you, it’s time to investigate!

As an example, I talked with a middle manager about putting together an action plan to help motivate his team. He responded, “Oh, we know how to put an action plan together. We have one, and we are busier than ever. But I’ll tell you, nothing good will happen until we get permission to take the right actions. Our projects and initiatives don’t often support the larger goals in the first place. And I ask myself, ‘Why are we here?’”

Do you have your vision, strategies, and execution aligned? Is your enterprise where you want it to be? I can promise you that if your response is no, the answer lies in a needed realignment in at least one of three areas.

Excellent leadership begins now – with an intervention to bring all back into clockwork order.